Linux Operating System & Linux Architecture

What is Linux Operating System:

Linux is one of popular Operating System and it is a developed from version of UNIX operating System. It is open source, freely available in internet and we can use It is free of cost.

Architecture:

Hardware layer − Hardware consists of all some pre-connected devices like (RAM/ HDD/ CPU etc).

Kernel − It is the core component of Operating System, interacts directly with hardware components and

It manage the system resources. Like

1.Device Management 2.Memory Management 3.Process Management 4.Handiling System Calls

Shell − An interface to kernel, hiding complexity of kernel's functions from users. The shell takes

commands from the user and executes kernel's functions.

Utilities − Utility programs that provide the user most of the functionalities of an operating systems.

Components of Linux Operating System:

1. Kernel − Kernel is the main heart of Linux. It is responsible to manage the system resources

and it has mainly 4 responsibilities.

Device Management:

 it consist of many devices like cpu, storage, graphic-card, Memory …etc

 Kernel store the all the data related to the device in the device driver

 Without Kernel you cannot operate the device

Memory Management:

 It will tracks and give the data of used memory and un-used memory

Process Management:

 It will occupies some space to run the process and identify the process which is running on

that operating system

Handling System Calls:

 The Handling system calls are the used to perform the special tasks in that application by

calling to APIs

2.System Library −

 System libraries are special functions or programs using which application programs or

system utilities accesses Kernel's features.

 These libraries implement most of the functionalities of the operating system.

3.System Utility:

 System Utility programs are responsible to do specialized, individual level tasks.